What is Acne? All about Acne

What is it?

Acne is a disease that is characterized by the appearance of skin lesions as a result of a folliculitis, an inflammation and subsequent infection pore follicular (inlet hair). This disorder can have psychological and social implications, especially among people who work to the public, which sometimes have problems in their working environment because it does not reach the level of physical presence requirement. This increases the degree of emotional stress, and consequently worsen acne.
Causes

It typically presents in adolescence, affecting 80% of this population group. But there are some special forms of acne that can affect newborns or adults exposed to certain industrial products (occupational acne), or people who eat certain drugs such as oral steroids (induced acne drugs), this being less frequent clinical forms that the classic juvenile acne.
Symptoms

Acne is manifested clinically with various injuries, may present more of them in the same patient. These lesions may be inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Among the non-inflammatory include open and closed comedones “black spots” and are among the inflammatory papules reddish pustules, nodules and cysts. These last two are the most important, because in their evolution may leave residual scars, which are the most important sequel of acne.

Some patients can cause more serious conditions associated fever and generally poor condition and require systemic treatment early. Depending on the type of injury and its severity, acne can be classified into several levels: Acne mild, moderate, severe and very severe. The acne lesions are located mainly in expensive (forehead, cheeks and chin), back, shoulders and preesternal region, which are areas (seborreicas body).
Diagnosis

The diagnosis is made clinically by the presence of one or more elementary injuries. In some patients where the acne is associated with other disorders such as menstrual disorders, hair loss, seborrhea or increased hair, it is necessary to make an additional analytical hormone will rule out the presence of hormonal changes and better target treatment.
Treatments

The treatment of acne is based on two forms: the topical and systemic. The choice of one or the other depends on the severity of acne. The treatment guidelines are as follows:

* Acne mild: Topical treatment: exfoliantes (elemental sulfur, salicylic acid, glycolic acid), benzoyl peroxide 4%, 5 percent and 10 percent, Azelaic acid and retinoids (tretinoin, and adapaleno isotretinoin).
* Moderate Acne: Topical treatment: benzoyl peroxide, retinoids and antibiotics (clindamycin phosphate and hydrochloride, erythromycin and tetracycline hydrochloride basis).
* Severe Acne Treatment Systems: systemic antibiotics (tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and minocycline) for 3 to 6 months. The systemic retinoids (isotretinoin) administered at a dosage of 0.5 to 1 mg / kg / day for 5 months allow for a complete cure in almost all cases. In some patients there is a need to manage more than one cycle of treatment.
* Acne harsh:
Treatment or systemic: Isotretinoina associated with corticosteroids or intralesional.
Or surgical treatment in some patients is needed drainage of cysts or mechanical removal of comedones as complementary therapies.
* Consequences: In patients with acne scars secondary is possible to make the same corrective treatments provided that there are no active lesions. Among others have the chemical peelings with glycolic acid or other methods somewhat more aggressive as the dermoabrasión or CO2 laser, which allows us to improve the appearance of patients. Patients with proven hormonal disturbances may benefit from treatments antiandrogenic associated with estrogen or progesterone. It is important that patients avoid manipulation of injuries and are continuing in carrying out the treatment.